Episode 11

Southern (Dis)comfort: Savannah & Charleston Captured, Slavery, Massacres, & 1779’s Sundries

“10 Facts: Black Patriots in the American Revolution.” American Battlefield Trust. July 20, 2021. Updated June 14, 2024. Accessed at: https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/10-facts-black-patriots-american-revolution.

“About John Paul Jones.” John Paul Jones Cottage Museum, Volume 13. Washington D.C.: Naval History and Heritage Command, 2019. Accessed at: https://johnpauljonesmuseum.com/about-john-paul-jones-us-navy/.

“Articles of Confederation (1777).” National Archives. Accessed at: https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/articles-of-confederation.

Bennett, Charles E. and Donald R. Lennon. A Quest for Glory: Major General Robert Howe and the American Revolution. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 1991.

Butler, Nic. “Tracing the Siege Lines of 1780.” Rediscovering Charleston’s Colonial Fortifications. November 14, 2014. Accessed at: https://walledcitytaskforce.org/2014/11/14/siege-lines/.

“Charleston: Siege of Charleston.” American Battlefield Trust. Accessed at: https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/charleston.

“Charter of Georgia: 1732.” The Avalon Project. Accessed February 2018 at: http://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/ga01.asp.

Chernow, Ron. Washington: A Life. New York: Penguin Books, 2011.

Clary, David A. Adopted Son: Washington, Lafayette, and the Friendship that Saved the Revolution. New York: Bantam Books, 2007.

Commager, Henry Steele and Richard B. Morris, editors. The Spirit of ’Seventy-Six: The Story of the American Revolution as Told by Participants. Edison, NJ: Castle Books, 2002.

Crawford, Michael J., Dennis M. Conrad, and Peter C. Leubke. Naval Documents of the American Revolution. Accessed at: https://www.history.navy.mil/content/dam/nhhc/research/publications/publication-508-pdf/NDAR%20V.13.pdf.

Fitzpatrick, Siobhan. “John Laurens.”  George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Accessed February 2018 at: http://www.mountvernon.org/digital-encyclopedia/article/john-laurens/.

Flexner, James Thomas. Washington: The Indispensable Man. New York: Little, Brown and Company, 1974.

“Give Me Liberty: African Americans in the Revolutionary War.” George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Accessed at: https://www.mountvernon.org/george-washington/the-revolutionary-war/african-americans-in-the-revolutionary-war/.

Grant, Larry. “Siege of Savannah.” George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Accessed at: https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/siege-of-savannah/.

Heath, William. “To George Washington from Major General William Heath, 10 September 1778,” Founders Online,  National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-16-02-0602. [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Revolutionary War Series, vol. 16, 1 July–14 September 1778, ed. David R. Hoth. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2006, pp. 555–557.]

Higginbotham, Don. The War of American Independence: Military Attitudes, Policies, and Practices 1763-1789. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1977.

King, Stewart R. Blue Coat Or Powdered Wig: Free People of Color in Pre-revolutionary Saint Domingue. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 2007.

Knox, Captain Dudley W. “D’Estaing’s Fleet Revealed.” U.S. Naval Institute. February 1935. Accessed at: https://www.usni.org/magazines/proceedings/1935/february/destaings-fleet-revealed.

Laurens, John. “To George Washington from Lieutenant Colonel John Laurens, 14 March 1780,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-25-02-0033. [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Revolutionary War Series, vol. 25, 10 March–12 May 1780, ed. William M. Ferraro. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2017, pp. 43–46.]

Lincoln, Benjamin. “To George Washington from Major General Benjamin Lincoln, 5–6 January 1779,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-18-02-0645. [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Revolutionary War Series, vol. 18, 1 November 1778 – 14 January 1779, ed. Edward G. Lengel. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2008, pp. 576–580.]

Makos, Isaac. “Roles of Native Americans during the Revolution.” January 21, 2021. Accessed at: https://www.battlefields.org/learn/articles/roles-native-americans-during-revolution.

Martin, Scott and Bernard F. Harris Jr. Savannah 1779: The British Turn South. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2017.

McBrayer, Rachel. “Southern Strategy.” George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Accessed February 2018 at: http://www.mountvernon.org/digital-encyclopedia/article/southern-strategy/.

McBurney, Christian. “Why Did a Boston Mob Kill a French Officer.’ All Things Liberty. October 23, 2014. Accessed at: https://allthingsliberty.com/2014/10/why-did-a-boston-mob-kill-a-french-officer/#google_vignette.

Middlekauff, Robert. The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution 1763 - 1789. Oxford University Press: New York, 2005.

“Nancy Hart.” American Battlefield Trust. Accessed at: https://www.battlefields.org/learn/biographies/nancy-hart.

“Newton.” American Battlefield Trust. Accessed at: https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/newtown.

Power, J. Tracy. “Waxhaws, Battle of the.” South Carolina Encyclopedia. July 7, 2016. Last Updated August 26,  2022. Accessed at: https://www.scencyclopedia.org/sce/entries/waxhaws-battle-of-the/.

Russell, David Lee. The American Revolution in the Southern Colonies. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2009.

Scott, Joseph C. “Siege of Charleston - 1776.” George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Accessed at: https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/siege-of-charleston--1776.

Scott, Joseph C. “Siege of Charleston - 1780.” George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Accessed at: https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/siege-of-charleston--1780/.

Seidel, Maria. “Morristown, NJ.” George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Accessed February 2018 at: http://www.mountvernon.org/digital-encyclopedia/article/morristown-nj/.

“Slavery, the American Revolution, and the Constitution.” Digital History. Accessed at: https://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/active_learning/explorations/revolution/revolution_slavery.cfm.

“South Carolina – African-Americans – Slave Population.” South Carolina’s Information Highway. Accessed at: https://www.sciway.net/afam/slavery/population.html.

“Statistics on Slavery.” Weber State University. Accessed February 2018 at: http://faculty.weber.edu/kmackay/statistics_on_slavery.htm.

Stilwell, Blake. “Rhode Island Raised the First Integrated Infantry Unit to Fight the Revolutionary War.” Military.com.  February 10, 2022. Accessed at: https://www.military.com/history/rhode-island-raised-first-integrated-infantry-unit-fight-revolutionary-war.html.

Sutton, Mallory. “Treaty of Aranjuez (1779).” George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Accessed at: https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/treaty-of-aranjuez-1779/.

“The American Revolution.” Library of Congress. Accessed at: https://www.loc.gov/collections/george-washington-papers/articles-and-essays/timeline/the-american-revolution/#january-29-1779.

“Thode Island: Siege of Newport/Battle of Quaker Hill.” American Battlefield Trust. Accessed at: https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/rhode-island.

Unger, Harlow Giles. John Hancock: Merchant King and American Patriot. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2000.

“Vincennes: Siege of Fort Vincennes/Siege of Fort Sackville.” American Battlefield Trust. Accessed at: https://www.battlefields.org/learn/revolutionary-war/battles/vincennes.

Washington, George. “From George Washington to Benjamin Harrison, 18–30 December 1778,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-18-02-0510. [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Revolutionary War Series, vol. 18, 1 November 1778 – 14 January 1779, ed. Edward G. Lengel. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2008, pp. 447–452.]

Washington, George. “From George Washington to Major General John Sullivan, 31 May 1779,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Washington/03-20-02-0661. [Original source: The Papers of George Washington, Revolutionary War Series, vol. 20, 8 April–31 May 1779, ed. Edward G. Lengel. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2010, pp. 716–719.]

Weinstein, Quinton. “Casimir Pulaski.” George Washington’s Mount Vernon. Last updated June 5, 2025. Accessed at: https://www.mountvernon.org/library/digitalhistory/digital-encyclopedia/article/casimir-pulaski/.

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